MAKE UP YOUR MIND

(Dhamma-talk of the venerable Tippakorn Sukhito)

translated by Brigitte Schrottenbacher

 

There is no greater happiness than a calm mind. A mind that is calm - is the greatest happiness.

 

For example - the two chief-disciples of the Buddha - Phra Sariputta and Phra Moggallana, when they where young men with the name Upatissa and Kolitta, they tried to find happiness. They tried it in every way. They enjoyed all sensual pleasures that where possible to enjoy - but they could not find lasting happiness. So they decided to ordain as ascetics. They practiced what their teacher told them, to the highest possible level - but still no way out of suffering was found

 

So they decided to separate their ways and if one of them found the real happiness - he would tell it the other one.

 

One day Upatissa saw a monk on his alms-round. This monk was not like any other he'd seen before. He walked composed and mindfully and faith arose in Upatissa's heart. He followed the monk on his alms-round and than took his bowl to a suitable place and prepared a seat for him to take his meal. After he cleaned the bowl of the monk and than respectfully asked him who his teacher was and what Dhamma he taught. The monk - it was Phra Assajji, one of the first five disciples that the Buddha taught - answered him that a Buddha is born into this world and He is his teacher and that he himself was still a new monk and can not tell him much.

 

Upatissa told him that he doesn’t want much only a little Dhamma will be enough. Than Assajji told him that the Buddha taught the suffering and it's cause and that one has to extinguish this cause.

 

Only these few words let the light of the Dhamma arise in the heart of Upatissa. He became a stream-entree (Sotapanna).

 

A meditator has to be mindful - knowing what is the cause - why he can not gain calmness - knowing why there is calmness. Knowing what causes one not to be calm and extinguishing this cause. He will see it's because the mind is wandering outside of one's body. The mind thinks about past and future, about family and home, about work and all kind of problems - it does not want to stay with the body. All hindrances arise - like tiredness and laziness - this comes because the mind wanders to the outside.

 

So we have to stop the cause for all of this suffering. We have to fix the mind on the body. We stay with an easy, relaxed and open mind within our body. We try to be perceptive and to know. Whatever is the object in the body which is more clear for us - be it knowing the breath in and out at the nostrils, or be it knowing the rising and falling of the abdomen while breathing. For some it may be the five objects of contemplation (panca kammatthana) like: hair on the head, hair of the body, nails, teeth and skin. Or may it be the 32 objects of recollecting one's body. However, important is that one stays within one's body.

 

Merit is having a calm mind. Having a cool and calm mind is having a meritorious mind.

 

If we practice like that often, than we will gain a strong mind. People with a strong mind are able to let go, not to get too attached to things. Whatever contact may happen, be it our eye seeing a form, our ear hearing a sound, our nose smelling a smell, our body feeling tangible objects, our tongue experiencing taste or our mind thinking a thought - the meditator stays with a strong detached mind. Knowing this things arise - stay for a while - and than disappear. They are born in the mind and they will cease in the mind.

 

Happiness arises - we know, suffering arises - we know. Both arise in the mind and stay for a while and than cease. Usually we get attached to these things, they arise, - we cling to them and start to create more mental formations and that increases the heat in our hearts. We really have to make our mind strong - we have to train it to be strong.

 

Some people say meditation is just sitting around and closing the eyes. They don't know - but we know.

 

There are permanently contacts happening on our sense doors (ayatthana) and the mind door. While one sits, there are contacts at our mind - door, we call them "Dhamma-arammana”. There might be thoughts about the past and the future or there are hindrances arising. We have to face them and try to cut them off. If we can do this then the mind will become strong.

 

Whatever contact arises at one of our sense doors (ayatthana) we will have a strong mind and will be able to let go. We will be able to keep a cool and detached mind. This is practicing "Kammatthana" in a correct way. We know whatever contact arises - it stays for a while and then it has to disappear.

 

One will know everything is impermanent and everything that is impermanent is suffering. Because it is impermanent one understands that it can not be a self (a self should be something that is not changing - it's something permanent). The meditator will see that there is nothing to be found, which is not subject to arising and ceasing. There is no one to be found - whether oneself nor someone else. This is anatta - non-self.

 

There is no other religion teaching about anatta. Only Buddhism teaches about anatta - the non-self. So every time we practice meditation we can be proud and joyful because we know we are on the right path. We have confidence in the Buddha and his teaching (Dhamma) and in those that practiced and realized his teaching (Sangha). We have confidence in the triple gem.

We don't have a weak mind as we have a weak body. We think of the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha and of their virtue. This will increase our mental strength and we will not be weak.

 

We are confident that the Dhamma which the Buddha realized and taught is the real Dhamma, the Ariyadhamma, the Dhamma of the noble One's. Whoever follows and practices that Dhamma will know the truth and see the truth.

 

The witnesses for this truth are those noble One's who have followed the teaching and realized it. Those who saw the truth and know the truth and became enlightened One's (Arahant) - those who understood the four noble truths (Ariyasacca).

 

When the Buddha taught the Dhamma for the first time (Dhammacakkapavatana Sutta) he taught it to the five ascetics who where his attendants while he was practicing strict austerity. He taught them the truth of suffering (dukkha).

 

A meditator should not escape or try to avoid suffering. The Buddha taught that a meditator should know whether suffering arises from the body or from the mind. If the suffering arises in the body, what goes on in the mind? If the suffering arises in the mind has it an effect on the body? For some - suffering arises in their body but their mind does not suffer. For some suffering arises in the mind and they let their body suffer too.

That's why the Buddha wants us to see the suffering very clear, know suffering very well. We should see the suffering to its utmost level.

What the Buddha wants us to escape from, what He wants us to cut off, is the cause of suffering (Samuddhaya).

 

What now is the cause of suffering?

 

We have a head that lets headaches arise.

 

Why do we have stomachaches? Because we have a stomach.

 

Why do we have pain in our legs? Because we have legs.

 

That means suffering arises because this body is born and because there is this mind (Citta). There is birth, then the thing lasts for a while - which is when we experience pain and suffering - and than it ceases.

 

So we have to stop birth.

 

We should not fear the suffering. If we sit in meditation and we experience pain - we should watch that pain. We are aware of the suffering. We know there is pain, drowsiness - whatever suffering we experience. We know that suffering arises in the body and watch what the mind feels. We will see that the mind experiences disliking, unpleasantness, it is not calm. We try to have patience and endurance and if we are really not able to endure it, then we change the posture and watch the unpleasant feeling - how does it change, when we change our posture? We watch it and we will see how it ceases. So we can see feelings arise and cease. If we are mindful like that then the permanent changing of postures, which we usually do, is not hiding the suffering anymore.

 

If we do so, we will understand the teaching of the Buddha in which he mentioned that there is only suffering in what arises, only suffering in what stays for a while and suffering in what ceases.

 

I give you one example, which should make it clearer. We are hungry. When we are hungry we need to eat and drink. Hunger is suffering. But some people do not know hunger. Whenever the time comes they eat and drink. But if we are mindfully watching our body and mind, then we will see hunger is suffering. We will see when we eat and drink that we feel comfortable and happiness arises. So we can see hunger is suffering when hunger disappears then we call this happiness.

 

 When we feel hot and we move into the shadow or take a shower - then we feel comfortable. Again we see too much heat is suffering, we do not feel comfortable. Happiness arises when the suffering ceases, in this case when we move from a hot to a cool place.

 

So, wherever a meditator goes - he or she will be aware of feelings, which arise. They will know if they experience happiness and will see this happiness ceasing. They will know the suffering and they will see it ceasing.

 

If we practice so - we won't get attached to happiness and pleasant feelings, knowing their impermanence; - we won't get lost and deluded from happiness. Too much happiness can make people deluded and foolish, whereas suffering can help people to understand better and to develop wisdom. Suffering is usually a very clear experience - like a child touching something hot - you might tell the child it should not touch it, but it will only believe it, when it has the painful experience of touching it.

 

So we practice continually and the wisdom arising from suffering will become clearer and clearer and one will remember it. We practice and will see sometimes the mind is calm, sometimes it is not calm. We want to be calm but we are not. The mind wanders here and there - you can't trust it. Those who believe in the mind can get mad. We need mindfulness and we need to contemplate the arising and the cessation of phenomena. We see things arise - stay for a while and then cease.

 

So we understand that everything is impermanent. Happiness arises, stays for a while and ceases - seeing this we won't get too attached to happiness. Suffering arises, stays for a while and ceases. Everything is impermanent. So we ourselves are impermanent too - why should we cling too much, why be so attached to others or ourselves? We learn to let go. If we are able to let go - then we can experience happiness for the rest of our life.

 

We suffer because of attachment, we say this is mine, that belongs to me, this is me.

 

So, we have to meditate. As a human being we should try to develop ourselves for good. The highest goal is the cessation of suffering. However much or little we do - we should do it. If we do not practice, we waste this good opportunity we have.

 

Don't forget - if we are born as a human being and we only work to get food and material things but we do not try to work on inner development, then we do not differ from birds or rats and dogs. We try to get our food and when the time comes we get children and in the end we die.

 

 If humans live their lives just like that then they do not differ from animals. They are even worse then animals. Because humans are able to destroy much more, steal, kill, tell lies and are able to do many unwholesome things. They are able to be good or bad.

 

That’s why we have morality and meditation. With them humans can develop their mind to go to a higher state. But one really has to work on it. If you make up your mind - to practice sincerely - then you will achieve good results.